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  • 31
    Oct
    2012
    2:17pm, EDT

    Why candy corn is so loved (but also really hated)

    TODAY

    Why is candy corn such a polarizing treat? Fans and detractors share their views.

    By Kirsten Henri, TODAY contributor

    You thought the presidential election was divisive? Just try asking people how they feel about candy corn.


    People who love the tri-colored Halloween confection LOVE it, in the totally obsessed, can't-stop-cramming-it-into-my-mouth-please-take-it-away-before-I-eat-the-entire-bag sense. They sing the praises of its signature sorta-creamy, kinda-chewy texture, festive fall palette and molar-destroying sweetness — not to mention the way it can double as costume fangs.

    In fact, Google recently announced that candy corn is the most-searched-for sweet in the U.S. this Halloween season, beating out the likes of M&M'S, Twizzlers and Reese's Peanut Butter Cups. Googlers are also hot on the hunt for “candy corn M&Ms,” “candy corn cookies,” “candy corn recipe” and “candy corn Oreos.” All of which may come as a surprise to the legions of candy-corn haters out there.

    Story: From 'just wrong' to 'super sweet': TODAY tastes Candy Corn Oreos

    But first, let’s hear from some of the lovers:

    “Love it. Nothing says Halloween is on its way quite like candy corn!!” —Frank Urso, New Jersey

    “Love them, but can only eat a few. It's like an ice cold beer: nothing’s as good as the first one.” —Marilyn McDevitt (a dentist!), Massachusetts

    “Love it, but only once a year. Like Cadbury eggs, they lose their appeal after about two weeks.” —Christy Lejeune, Philadelphia

    A big part of what makes candy corn so wildly popular is its seasonality, according to Susan Whiteside, vice president of communications for the National Confectioners’ Association. “It’s the original limited edition candy!” Whiteside said. “The ‘get it while you can’ element is extremely important. Candy corn is to the confectionery industry what the pumpkin spiced latte is to coffee. People wait for it every year.”

    And let’s face it, candy corn is just so darn cute, which might explain why it’s making its way into Oreos and other unexpected locales. “It lends itself nicely to design,” explained Whiteside. “I’ve even seen non-edible candy-corn-themed items like socks and candles.”

    She’s not kidding: take a look at this Pinterest search for candy corn.

    But don’t be fooled — there are many candy-corn haters out there. In fact, in a TODAY.com survey last year, candy corn came in as the second most hated Halloween confection, right behind peanut butter toffee. Some Facebookers shared their list of very specific complaints about the evils lurking within these guileless candy kernels:

    “I hate it! I can taste the starch or whatever chemical or preservative is in it. It burns the back of my throat.” —Edward Yaeger, Connecticut

    “Hate it. It is too sweet, but that isn’t the real reason. There is something about the consistency. It is chalky and unpleasant through the chewing process.” —Guy Abramovitz, Philadelphia

    “Blech! Tastes like cavities.” —Maggie Hochberg, Seattle

    So what exactly IS candy corn anyway? Is it wax? Is there any corn in it? Is it just a little sugar bomb?

    Technically, candy corn is a mellowcreme, a type of confection made from sugar, corn syrup, honey and wax — and, depending on who's doing the candymaking — fondant and marshmallow. It was invented (and laboriously made by hand)  in the 1880s at the Wunderlee Candy Company in Philadelphia by confectioner George Renninger; most of the candy corn you'll eat today, though, is mass-produced by brands like Brach's or Jelly Belly Candy Company.

    Interestingly, Whiteside points out, candy corn remains a perennial Halloween presence despite the fact that it’s actually not much of a trick-or-treat candy. “Because it’s more commonly sold in one-pound bags and not individually packaged. It’s typically been sold as a ‘candy dish candy’ that people also love to decorate and bake and cook with — which goes back to the fact that it’s just plain cute.”

    According to data from the National Confectioners Association, more than 35 million pounds of candy corn will be produced this year alone. This means there have to be more people who love candy corn — at least for its good looks — than hate it, right? Right?!

    How do you feel about candy corn? Love it? Hate it? Why?

    Kirsten Henri is a Philadelphia-based food and lifestyle writer who is both a lover and a hater of candy corn. She hates to take sides when it comes to sweets. You can find her on twitter @kirstenography.

    More from TODAY Food:

    What's the most hated Halloween candy?

    Make creepy (but tasty) Halloween cocktails

    Hot new Halloween candy to help you one-up the neighbors

    Best candy to hand out on Halloween? The Internet has spoken!

    82 comments

    Love it. I have a bag of it on my desk at this very minute.

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  • 31
    Oct
    2012
    1:15pm, EDT

    'Is that us?!' Fans dress up as KLG and Hoda for Halloween

    TODAY

    By Julieanne Smolinski, TODAY.com contributor

    It was a quiet, costumeless Halloween at the TODAY Show thanks to Superstorm Sandy, which meant that Hoda and Kathie Lee were doubly excited to check out fans' costumes sent in from around the country.

    There was Hoda's niece Hannah, dressed as Cinderella, a "baby pepper" from fan Megan Genkin ("Look at the cheeks!" said KLG), viewer Kay Grant Krum dressed as "taking a shower," and, of course, plenty of revelers who went as your favorite wine-sipping co-anchors.

    TODAY

    TODAY

    TODAY

    TODAY

    TODAY

    Fans Lauren and Jen's version of the ladies was so uncanny that it shocked the real deal.

    "Is that us?!" gasped Hoda.

    "If we need substitutes, call them," said KLG.

    Julieanne Smolinski is a TODAY.com contributor. For Halloween, she is dressing as somebody stuck in an apartment.

    More:
    Wow! See great Halloween costumes sent in by viewers

    Crying lion or grumpy ballerina: Who is the crankiest kid of all?
    Dad dresses kids in epic costumes
    No costume? 34 last-minute ideas for Halloween

    2 comments

    So glad to have you all back. Sarah did great with her pumpkins and spirit chasing.

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  • 31
    Oct
    2012
    11:22am, EDT

    Make creepy (but tasty) Halloween cocktails

    Lisa Feather

    Use radishes and olives to pop a little "eyeball" in your Halloween cocktail.

    By Sarah Spigelman, TODAY contributor

    We all know that Halloween isn’t just for the kids – these days, it’s quite the elegant adult affair. For your soiree, don’t settle for pouring a regular gimlet or glass of wine. Try these tips to make your signature Halloween drink a scary, gross or just plain bizarre one. 


    Halloween-hued drinks
    Why would you settle for a clear or pink-colored drink on the scariest night of the year?  This is the night to get campy and have a good time with themes, and using colored liquors is one of the best ways to do that. There are now black vodkas for sale, as well as blood-hued liquors (like black currant varieties), and green ones (flavored with mint or melon). If all else fails, go for some food coloring in your favorite clear booze. Follow Greasy Guide’s recipe for the ominously dark Black Cat cocktail to get you started.

    Story: Why candy corn is so loved (but also really hated)

    Eyeballs in vodka
    Of course, you can stick with a classic martini, and in that case you will have to jazz it up another way. Lisa Feather at My Own Sweet Thyme fixes the boring drink issue by adding radish “eyeballs” into the drink. She peels each radish, digs a pit and stuffs them with pimento-stuffed olives for pupils. Just be aware that the combination of bloodshot eyes and the effect of the alcohol may leave more than one partygoer afraid of her own drink.

    My Jello Americans

    Skull Jell-O shots

    Grown-up Jell-O shots
    These shots, invented by the genius minds at My Jello Americans, are no less than works of art that are surprisingly easy to make. Skull molds are filled with strawberry cream flavored tequila, regular tequila and powdered gelatin before being refrigerated to set. The fully set Jell-O shots are then painstakingly painted with food coloring to create a Frida Kahlo-esque day of the dead mask.  The effect is haunting, nostalgic, and absolutely fun. They might look beautiful, but they taste even better. 

    Gross out your guests
    Halloween isn’t’ just about being scared, as any kid can tell you. It’s also about being grossed out. Try Geekosystem’s take on the well-known Alien Brain Hemorrhage cocktail. This cocktail includes a a cream-based liquor in a shot glass alongwith a clear liquor. The cream-based liquor separates, making it look like, well, an alien brain hemorrhage. 

    Halloween candy cocktails
    Have some candy bars around the house?  Crush them, then dip a marshmallow cream lined martini glass in them to create a sweetly rimmed cocktail glass, a perfect vessel for a pumpkin or apple cider-infused cocktail. Or, follow Serious Eats’ candy and cocktail pairing guide to learn what liquors pairs with what candies. Twix with ginger liqueur? Don’t mind if I do. 

    Here are a few thematic cocktail recipes from Todd Richman at Sidney Frank Imports to get you started at home:

    The Darkest Night
    In a shaker combine:

    • 1.5 parts Jägermeister
    • ¾ parts fresh lemon juice
    • 2 parts apple cider

    Shake well with ice, strain into a rocks glass and garnish with an orange peel

    Eyes of the Ghost
    In a shaker combine:

    • 3/4 parts Michael Collins 10 year Old Single Malt Irish Whiskey
    • 3/4 parts fresh Orange juice
    • 3/4 parts Cherry Heering Liqueur
    • ½ part Campari

    Shake well with ice. Strain into a chilled cocktail glass. Garnish with an orange peel.

    Trapped in a Cave
    In a coffee mug combine:

    • 4 parts Hot Black Tea
    • 2 parts Bärenjäger Honey and Bourbon
    • ½ part Solerno Blood Orange Liqueur

    Stir gently and garnish with a lemon wheel.

    For more from Sarah Spigelman, visit her blog, Fritos and Foie Gras.

    More from TODAY.com:

    • White Chocolate Peppermint Pringles: Like toothpaste on a chip
    • Celebrate Halloween with 5 chilly, tasty treats
    • Hot new Halloween candy to help you one-up the neighbors

    2 comments

    ANYTHING......to make $$$$$$

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  • 30
    Oct
    2012
    12:39pm, EDT

    After Sandy, East Coast kids need a 'Plan B' for Halloween

    In the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, kids on the East Coast may be wondering what will happen to Halloween festivities. TODAY contributor Elizabeth Mayhew talks about what to do for your kids if it's not safe to go out trick- or-treating on Wednesday.

    By Kavita Varma-White

    Kids in the Northeast have one thing to say to Hurricane Sandy: Boo on you for ruining this year’s Halloween!

    In light of the destruction and loss of life caused by the storm, the loss of trick-or-treating may not seem like a big deal. Unless, of course, you're a little kid who has been planning his costume and candy haul all year, in which case it may seem like a very big deal.

    Since many events will presumably be cancelled due to the post-storm mess, parents are stuck with coming up with alternative plans.  TODAY contributor and lifestyle expert Elizabeth Mayhew (watch the video above) suggests parents should give kids a “Plan B” alternative to neighborhood trick-or-treating.

    The big question, says Mayhew, is whether neighborhoods have power. If not, perhaps try a trend that’s already happening around the country: Trunk or Treat.  Choose a safe area in the community where cars can gather -- a cul-de-sac or parking lot.  Then kids go from “trunk to trunk” to get candy.

    If you can’t get outside, another idea is to have a scavenger hunt for kids inside your home. There’s also plenty of crafts to do, such as decorating empty cereal boxes and milk cartons, similar to a gingerbread house, with all the Halloween candy you aren't going to be passing out.

    Do you have a trick-or-treating "Plan B"? Share it on our Facebook page!

    Related stories:

    Is 12 too old to trick or treat?

    Indecisive kids haunt Halloween stores, give parents nightmares

    Moms' candy confessions: Yes, we ate your chocolate

    Why Halloween is the scariest holiday for dads

    TODAY's special Halloween section

    Is it OK for little boys to dress like girls on Halloween?

    Video: DIY Halloween face-painting for kids

     

     

    2 comments

    I hate Trunk-or-Treat -- people do it here in Utah and it's stupid. I'm sure parents in Sandy-affected areas can come up with creative ways to deal with this situation. Getting friends and neighbors together to celebrate a "late" Halloween -- when things have calmed down -- sounds great.

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  • 27
    Oct
    2012
    12:34pm, EDT

    Why werewolves give us the willies

    Werewolves took center stage in "The Wolfman," a movie released in 2010.

    By Alan Boyle, Science Editor, NBC News

    Follow @b0yle


    Linda Godfrey is so sure about the existence of weird walking wolves that she's written a book titled "Real Wolfmen: True Encounters in Modern America." In more than 300 pages, she lays out dozens of stories about sightings of nasty-looking beasts running around on their hairy hind legs. Scientists are unconvinced — but they do admit that humans are virtually hard-wired to watch out for wolves on the darkness.

    "The werewolf idea is strictly a product of our imagination, but it comes along with a culture of thousands of years of fear of wolves," said Michigan Tech's Rolf Peterson, who has studied wolves for decades at Isle Royale National Park in Lake Superior. "It's just an outgrowth of that. But there's nothing out there that's anything like a werewolf. It's all in our heads."

    Try telling that to Godfrey and the people whose dog-man reports are featured in her book.

    "I've received hundreds of reports over the years ... and that's probably a small percentage of the actual sightings of these creatures," she told me. "So many people are in denial when they have these experiences, because it sort of rocks their world."


    Quest for the beast
    Godfrey had her own world rocked in 1991 when, as a rookie reporter in Elkhorn, Wis., she wrote about a sightings of a creature that came to be known as the "Beast of Bray Road." The beast was said to be a 6-foot-tall, fur-covered wolflike animal that chased after witnesses on its hind legs.

    Linda Godfrey

    Linda Godfrey, author of "Real Wolfmen," created this sketch of an upright canid based on reports from witnesses.

    "I can't find any scientific reason why feral canines should walk on their hind legs, in the absence of, say, a missing forelimb," Godfrey said. "I can't find any experts who can tell me why they should do this. But they do."

    Sure, there have been hoaxes: The most famous case is the Gable Film, a home-movie reel that appears to show a dark shape attacking the person holding the camera. The film was eventually traced to a couple of guys trying to hype a "Michigan Dog-Man" tale.

    Godfrey acknowledges that some of the wolfman reports actually turn out to be misidentifications of four-legged wolves, or bears rearing up on their hind legs. Other "wolfmen" have turned out merely to be weird men lurking around the countryside. And there's actually a rare malady known as hypertrichosis that can make people look like the wolfmen in the movies.

    But Godfrey insists that even after all those cases are eliminated, there are solid sightings that can't be explained away.

    She emphasized that she's not making claims about magical beings that change from humans to wolves and back again, like Jacob and his fellow shape-shifters in the wildly popular "Twilight" saga. "The thing about these creatures that people report to me is that they're not describing something that has human characteristics, only odd behavior that reminds them of humans," Godfrey said.

    So if there are all these reports of "upright canids," why haven't scientists identified this, um, unusual species? "It has the ability to get around whichever way is most convenient," Godfrey explained. "If you saw one of these things on four legs, you would just say there's an extremely large, creepy-looking canine that's walking by on all fours."

    In her book, Godfrey voices the hope that high-tech gear such as motion-sensitive trail cameras and night-vision imaging devices will eventually produce indisputable evidence to back up all the stories Godfrey has heard over the past 20 years. But so far, scientists aren't buying it. "I haven't had any that say, 'Yes, I know there are dog-men,'" Godfrey acknowledged.

    Rabies and other reasons
    Michigan Tech's Peterson is one of the scientists Godfrey has contacted in the course of her wolfman quest — and although he doesn't see any reason to believe the dog-man reports are real, he notes that there are plenty of reasons for werewolf tales to take root.

    "The basis for people's fear of wolves is not totally without evidence," he told me. "The wolf is the species that has posed the most difficulty for us, aside from our own species."

    For one thing, there's rabies, a disease that was common in Europe during the heyday of the werewolf saga, starting in the 16th century. It would have been unnerving to see someone who was bitten by a rabid dog or wolf sicken and go mad within a matter of days — and that would have added credence to the idea that such people were being transformed into a kind of wild animal.

    Another reason is that wolves truly are predators: In the old days, children who were pressed into service as shepherds made for tasty targets, Peterson noted. And we're not just talking about the old days. Peterson pointed to a grisly string of wolf attacks on children in India that took place in 1996-97, as well as more recent episodes.

    There's another side of the coin, of course: Thousands of years ago, humans domesticated wolves to create man's best friend. "We've been around wolves for tens of thousands of years, and we developed dogs out of it, so we have a long association with that particular species," Peterson said. With that kind of complex love-hate relationship, it's not surprising that the world's cultures have produced such a rich store of wolf-man archetypes — ranging from the skinwalkers of Native American lore to Jacob's hunky wolf pack. Our tendency to see wolves in the shadowy shapes of the night may well be a reflex that's been fine-tuned over countless millennia.

    Follow @CosmicLog

    But what about the wolves? Peterson's specialty is the study of relationships between wolves and their prey, and he's noticed that the wolves of Isle Royale periodically change their perspective on people as well.

    "Seven, eight years ago, after 45 years of being totally terrified of people, the wolves suddenly lost their fear of people," he told me. "Then, after about three years, they switched back to being afraid. I have absolutely no idea what caused either switch. They have their own cultural knowledge about us, and they transmit that from generation to generation, I suspect."

    Did I just feel a chill going down my spine?

    More Halloween stories to chew on:

    • 2002: Ghostly mysteries solved
    • 2003: Why we seek out an eek
    • 2004: Sharing your scares
    • 2005: Ghosts on the rise
    • 2006: Bring me your ghost stories!
    • 2007: The science of spooks
    • 2008: Chasing phantoms on film
    • 2008: The science of bloodsuckers
    • 2009: Seven ghoulish discoveries
    • 2010: Spooky stuff from NASA
    • 2010: How your brain handles terror scares
    • 2011: Why the 'paranormal' is just normal
    • 2012: Sleuth finds the truth behind ghost stories

    Stay tuned for a Halloween reality check on vampire legends.

    Alan Boyle is NBCNews.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter and adding the Cosmic Log page to your Google+ presence. To keep up with Cosmic Log as well as NBCNews.com's other stories about science and space, sign up for the Tech & Science newsletter, delivered to your email in-box every weekday. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.

    31 comments

    It's the gravitational attraction of the full moon that makes them stand up on two legs, duh!!

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  • 26
    Oct
    2012
    2:15pm, EDT

    REDRUM! Get 'The Shining' DIY nails for Halloween

    Kayleigh O'Connor

    "The Shining" nail art

    By Lisa Granshaw, TODAY contributor

    For British nail artist Kayleigh O'Connor, dressing up your hands isn't something to do just for Halloween, it's an everyday hobby. The 25-year-old from Birmingham, England got her start as a teenager 9 years ago when she started using simple, plain colors to cover up her badly-bitten nails.

    Kayleigh O'Connor

    "Hocus Pocus"

    Now her intricate pop culture and 3D designs are receiving international attention since she began posting photos of them on Facebook and deviantArt.

    Kayleigh O'Connor

    "Harry Potter" sorting hat design

    "I was just happy to have a hobby that I enjoy so I have been amazed at all the positive feedback I've been getting online through it, I'm really amazed!" O'Connor, who recently got a university degree in media and communications, told TODAY.com in an email.  

    Kayleigh O'Connor

    "Doctor Who" Eleventh Doctor

    As complicated as her designs appear they don't take her long to create at all. When O'Connor gets an idea she jumps right in, taking about 10 minutes to plan the design and 1 to 2 hours to complete a set.

    "My favorite thing about starting a new set is working out what to put on each nail (and seeing it all come together in the end). And wearing them, of course!" said O'Connor, who is setting up a small video production company with friends.

    Kayleigh O'Connor

    "Batman"

    While replicating her intricate designs may seem daunting to a nail art newbie, O'Connor shared with us some simple steps you can take to give your nails a Halloween theme this year with one of her "The Shining" designs.

    Kayleigh O'Connor

    Give yourself "The Shining" Grady twins and carpet nails.

    Tutorial for "The Shining" Grady twins and carpet pattern nails:

    Materials

    • Seven different shades of nail polish (light blue, cream, white, pink, orange, brown and red)
    • A thin paintbrush or toothpick

    Kayleigh's tutorial

    1. I decided to paint the Grady twins’ dresses on my ring and middle fingers but you can choose any two of your nails which you think will be best. The first step is to paint both nails light blue and then wait for these to dry.
    2. From now on you must use a thin paintbrush or a toothpick to create the look for the rest of the outfits. Once the blue has dried, use a cream colored varnish to paint thin triangles on both sides of these nails. These act as the twins’ arms and create the dress shapes.
    3. Use a white varnish to paint two small, joined semi-circles at the tips of the nails to create a collar. Then, add dots to the ‘sleeves’ of the dresses to create a frilly look.
    4. Now use a pink varnish to paint a thin line across the middle of the dresses, where you imagine the waist would fall.
    5. Little flicks with the pink varnish (falling downwards from the center of the line) create ribbons, completing the dresses.
    6. Moving on to the rest of the design, begin by painting your other nails orange and wait for these to dry.
    7. Paint a brown line upwards from your cuticle, stopping around two thirds of the way up your nails. Use your paintbrush or toothpick for this and for the next steps if you find this easier.
    8. Create a 'V’ shape on top of this line, connecting it with the top corners of your nails.
    9. Leaving a gap for the orange to show through, use the 'Y' shape you’ve now created as a guide to complete the other brown sections of the carpet pattern.
    10. Fill in the top and side areas with red varnish as shown and the design is finished! After everything dries, use a clear top coat to give the nails an extra sleek finish and to prevent the design from chipping.

    Now that you know how to create this design you will be able to feature the Grady girls on your nails “for ever, and ever, and ever…”  Happy Halloween!

    TODAY.com writer Lisa Granshaw just had to talk to O'Connor after seeing her "Harry Potter" sorting hat nails. If she had an ounce of artistic talent, she would definitely try to replicate that design for Halloween!

    More:

    • Bobbie's buzz: DIY costume ideas
    • Hottest nail polish colors for fall
    • Video: Most popular adult Halloween costumes
    • Get creative with your nails: 7 awesome nail art ideas

     

     

     

     

    Comment

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  • 25
    Oct
    2012
    6:41pm, EDT

    Sleuth finds the truth in ghost stories

    Twentieth Century Fox

    A scene from the 2008 movie "Shutter" shows a ghostly shape in a photo.

    By Alan Boyle, Science Editor, NBC News

    Follow @b0yle


    Paranormal investigator Joe Nickell has busted a lot of ghostly myths over the past 40 years — but the spookiest part of his job comes when he actually catches a ghost red-handed.

    No, we're not talking about spirits of the dead: These "ghosts" are hotel clerks who flick the lights to keep the guests talking about the place's ghost story. Or a mischievous child who plays tricks on his parents. Or maybe a camera crew catching weird-looking "orbs" floating through the frame — orbs they didn't notice until they looked at the pictures later.


    "Much of what so-called ghost hunters are detecting is themselves," Nickell, the author of "The Science of Ghosts," told me this week. "If they go through a haunted house and stir up a lot of dust, they shouldn't be surprised if they get a lot of orbs in their photographs."

    The orbs are actually out-of-focus reflections from a camera flash, created by dust particles floating in front of the lens. The clumping noises that ghost hunters hear often turn out to be the footsteps of crew members elsewhere in the building, or even someone on a stairway next door. And those weird readings they pick up with thermal imagers? They're typically left behind by the flesh-and-blood visitors.

    A tough job
    Tracking down the truth behind spooky sightings is a tough job, but somebody's got to do it, Nickell said.

    "It takes only a moment for someone to say that they saw something," he said, "but it can take a huge expenditure for someone to fly somewhere, and they might never re-create that one little moment."

    Joe Nickell

    Paranormal investigator Joe Nickell appears to be surrounded by an aura in a photograph that was created to duplicate a spooky effect.

    Nickell, a former professional magician and detective, has been that someone for Skeptical Inquirer magazine and the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry since the 1970s. "I've been in more haunted houses than Casper," he joked. And the truth is that there are worse jobs in the world.

    "I wouldn't want anyone ever to know this, but it really is a great deal of fun to do what I do," Nickell said.

    In "The Science of Ghosts," Nickell spins a series of tales about his worldwide travels. His first haunted-house investigation, in 1972, took place at Toronto's Mackenzie House, where residents reported seeing apparitions hovering over their bed, and hearing footsteps when no one else was in the house. Nickell ascribed the apparitions to "waking dreams," a phenomenon that leads people to see things when they're half-asleep or in an idle reverie. And as for those footsteps: Nickell found out that there was an iron staircase in the building next door. The strange sounds were traced to a late-night cleanup crew tromping up and down those stairs.

    Nickell learned a lot from that first case. "You must go on site, and you must investigate just like any other piece of detective work," Nickell said. "You can treat the house as a sort of crime scene."

    Other cases involved spirit photographs, such as the ones that show orbs or bright streaks. One family called Nickell in to explain a series of pictures that showed bright, hazy loops of energy in the foreground. Nickell eventually figured out that the loops were created when a flash bounced off a camera strap dangling in front of the lens. "Now we know about the camera-strap effect," Nickell said.

    Taking on TV psychics
    Nickell also takes on psychic mediums who claim to speak with the dead. In the book, he traces his encounters with TV-show medium John Edward, who uses so-called "cold reading" techniques to draw information out of a crowd. (For example, "I feel like someone with a J- or G-sounding name has recently passed. ...")

    "The people who profess to be able to talk to the dead tend to be either fantasy-prone personalities, or charlatans, or possibly a bit of both," Nickell declared. "They would be harmless if they didn't mislead so many people."

    Nickell totally understands why a belief in ghosts and the afterlife is so important to people. "If ghosts exist, then we don't really die, and that's huge. ... It appeals to our hearts," he said. "We don't want our loved ones to die. We have this whole culture that we're brought up with, that encourages this belief in ghosts."

    Once a ghost story gets attached to a place or a situation, then almost anything that happens can be interpreted as supporting that story, he said. That's one reason why ghostbusting can be a thankless job. Another reason is that it's so hard to wrap your arms around the evidence — or, more appropriately, the lack thereof.

    "No one is bringing you a ghost trapped in a bottle," Nickell said. "What they're offering is, 'I don't know.' Over and over, they're saying something like this: 'We don't know what the noise in the old house was, or the white shape in the photo. So it must be a ghost.' These are examples of what's called an argument from ignorance. You can't make an argument from a lack of knowledge. You can't say, 'I don't know, therefore I do know.'... If I could just teach people a little bit about the argument from ignorance, I think we could give the ghosts their long-needed rest."

    Do you agree? Or do you have some truly spooky ghost stories to share for the Halloween season? Whether you're a believer or a skeptic, feel free to share your tale as a comment below.

    Follow @CosmicLog

    Extra credit: Even as Nickell and I were having our conversation this week, word was getting out about the death of skeptical thinker Paul Kurtz at the age of 86. Kurtz was the founder of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry, the Council for Secular Humanism, the Center for Inquiry, Prometheus Books and Skeptical Inquirer. He was also Nickell's mentor.

    "Paul really gave me an office to work out of, and he just let me work," Nickell said. "I think of him as the father of the worldwide skeptic movement."

    Nickell noted that some skeptics think there's no need to respond to claims they consider silly. But Kurtz took a different view. "He realized early on that there really needed to be a voice to respond," Nickell said. And that's what made Nickell what he is today: the world's longest-running full-time professional paranormal investigator.

    More Halloween tales:

    • 2002: Ghostly mysteries solved
    • 2003: Why we seek out an eek
    • 2004: Sharing your scares
    • 2005: Ghosts on the rise
    • 2006: Bring me your ghost stories!
    • 2007: The science of spooks
    • 2008: Chasing phantoms on film
    • 2008: The science of bloodsuckers
    • 2009: Seven ghoulish discoveries
    • 2010: Spooky stuff from NASA
    • 2010: How your brain handles terror scares
    • 2011: Why the 'paranormal' is just normal
    • 2012: Why werewolves give us the willies

    Stay tuned for more Halloween angles in the days ahead, including reality checks on werewolves (Team Jacob!) and vampires (Team Edward!).

    Alan Boyle is NBCNews.com's science editor. Connect with the Cosmic Log community by "liking" the log's Facebook page, following @b0yle on Twitter and adding the Cosmic Log page to your Google+ presence. To keep up with Cosmic Log as well as NBCNews.com's other stories about science and space, sign up for the Tech & Science newsletter, delivered to your email in-box every weekday. You can also check out "The Case for Pluto," my book about the controversial dwarf planet and the search for new worlds.

    218 comments

    Just remember, even with the most sophisticated electronics in our history, ghosts have never been definitively proven to exist. Same goes for God, who is also a Holy Spirit. This whole industry is nonsense, as is religion. Put your faith in the truth, science, and reason. There is no life after you …

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    Explore related topics: books, halloween, science, ghosts, featured, paul-kurtz, joe-nickell
  • 25
    Oct
    2012
    4:50pm, EDT

    No costume? 34 last-minute ideas for Halloween

    By Danika Fears, TODAY

    So you waited until the last minute to put together a costume — again. But before you reach for that little black dress and dig out a pointed hat from Halloween’s of yore (calling yourself a witch, of course), take a look at these cleverly simple ensembles. Most require materials you already have around the house — and perhaps some skill with the scissors. Why not raid your own closet and avoid the tsktsks at this year's Halloween bash.

    More:
    'Loofah,' 'Slender Man' among top DIY costume searches
    Cereal killer? 11 punny costumes for Halloween 2012
    Terrifyingly cute: 31 Halloween costumes for babies

     

    8 comments

    Ok, this will probably be deleted. A guy wearing just a pair of jeans or dockers and no shirt or shoes. He's a premature ejaculation - he just came in his pants.

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  • 25
    Oct
    2012
    10:45am, EDT

    'Loofah,' 'Slender Man' among top DIY costume searches

    Courtesy Costume-Works.com

    But where's the soap? Halloween revelers dress up as colorful loofahs, which they made themselves.

    By Rina Raphael, TODAY

    You could buy the "it" getup of the year — Big Bird — at your local costume store. Or you can join the DIY revolution and use your spooky blood, sweat and tears to make your own creepy-cool creation. DIY Halloween costume searches are up 90 percent year over year, according to Google data.

    But just what are creative masterminds out there crafting for themselves? Some popular costume searches, like those for "mermaid" or "pirate," are to be expected. But others — like, oh, say, "loofah" or "Slender Man" — are downright baffling (and, c'mon, a little disconcerting). Below are the top 10 DIY costume searches for October 2012:

    1. How to Train Your Dragon
    2. Minnie Mouse
    3. Loofah
    4. Zombie
    5. Ninja mask
    6. Slender Man
    7. Peacock
    8. Mermaid
    9. Pirate
    10. Superhero

    According to Morphsuits, the Slender Man can "cause memory loss, insomnia and paranoia."

    What is the "Slender Man"? Meant to be a costume that requires minimal effort, it pays homage to the urban legend of a paranormal, white figure with an affinity for James Bond attire and, possibly, for snatching children and causing paranoia. The character supposedly originated in an online forum in 2009 and has been described as "passive aggressive". The outfit requires a faceless white mask, white gloves, black suit and a creepy pose.

    As for loofah, it's exactly what you think: a big, fluffy ball meant for washing. In a surprising move, ladies have taken to this new tulle-heavy costume so that they can travel in packs as a "bunch of loofahs." (Which is silly, since everyone knows loofahs are solo travelers.) And in case you think this new trend is turning back the clock on revealing costumes, don't worry: women generally wear the loofah — and nothing else.

    Standard disguises like princesses, pirates and peacocks have fallen since 2011, a simpler time when less confusing Halloween costumes weren't clogging our search portals. Perhaps the oddest standout from last year was simply "a Mortal Kombat" costume, if only because it seemed more relevant in the '90s. The top DIY costumes searches of 2011 gave more respect to the fantastical than to the spooky:

    1. How to make a Mortal Kombat costume
    2. DIY pirate costume
    3. DIY princess costume
    4. How to make a Harry Potter costume
    5. DIY peacock costume
    6. How to make a zombie costume
    7. DIY Rapunzel costume
    8. DIY Minnie Mouse costume
    9. DIY vampire costume
    10. How to make a mummy costume

    One costume I wish had made the top 10 list this season? Clint Eastwood and chair.

    Courtesy Sabrina Weiss / VH1.com

    Get political this Halloween by dressing up as actor / director Clint Eastwood and his RNC chair (a.k.a. invisible President Barack Obama).

    What's your favorite DIY costume? Let us know!

    Rina Raphael is a TODAY.com editor going as the Arab Spring (i.e, wearing a keffiyeh and holding a bouquet of flowers) this Halloween.

    More from TODAY Style:

    • Sponge Babe? Sexy Halloween garb gets weirder
    • Do craft kits still count as DIY?
    • Cereal killer? 12 punny costumes for Halloween 2012
    • Slideshow: Coveted creations from DIY style bloggers

    TODAY's style editor Bobbie Thomas shows how mom and dad can help celebrate Halloween with their kids by dressing up in creative costumes themed around fun and games, fashionistas and astronauts.

    3 comments

    My husband and I are going as Bob Ross (the painter) and a happy little tree! He's going to wear a frizzy 'fro wig and carry a painter's palette and paintbrush, and I made myself a wreath of leaves to wear on my head. Easy DIY costume!

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  • 25
    Oct
    2012
    11:18am, EDT

    Is 12 too old to trick or treat?

    By Jacoba Urist

    When Chris Jordan said that her 12-year old son wouldn’t be able to trick or treat because he had a football game on Halloween, another mom looked at her like she had two heads. At 12, the woman informed Jordan, he was far too old to go trick-or-treating anyway.

    Jordan, an Austin, Texas, mom of seven children, ages 8 to 18, wasn’t completely shocked by the other parent’s disapproval. “There’s a pretty large group here in Austin that thinks once your kid is 10 or 11, they shouldn’t be going out — that Halloween is just for little kids.” 

    People across the country and the blogosphere  are asking when kids should stop with the trick-or-treating. After all, a cute little princess or power ranger on your porch is one thing. A six-foot-tall teenager, who can’t be bothered to paint his face or wear a plastic mask in return for some Smarties, can start to feel like something else — perhaps not entirely in the spirit of the holiday.

    Some cities have placed a legal age limit on trick-or-treating. In Belleville, Ill., eighth grade is the last year you can go out trick-or-treating with your friends on Halloween. A city ordinance prohibits high school students from participating in any “Halloween solicitation.”

    According to Erin Clifford of the City of Belleville’s mayor’s office, Mayor Mark Eckert led the push for a high school trick-or-treating ban in 2008 because constituents — primarily single mothers and senior citizens — were frightened by larger teens showing up at their homes on Halloween.

    Mayor Eckert told the Associated Press, “When I was a kid my father said to me, you’re too damn big to be going out trick-or-treating. When that doesn’t happen, then that’s reason for the city government to intervene.”

    Boonsboro, Maryland has an even stricter cut-off. According to the Boonsboro town clerk, Barbara Rodenhiser, the city prohibits children over 12 from going door to door on Halloween.

    Are we going overboard with trick-or-treating bans and cut-offs? We are just talking about a single night on which teenagers may want to ring your bell, snag a handful of Hershey Kisses, and partake in one of America’s greatest childhood pastimes. Isn’t a little trick-or-treating in junior high and high school better than our kids growing up too fast?

    As Chris Jordan put it, “In the big scheme of things, trick-or-treating is a fun, innocent tradition.” Though Jordan says teens who want to trick or treat have got to hold up their end of the bargain. “The holiday is based on dressing up and getting candy in return. It’s not about going out and begging for stuff.” 

    Most folks agree that there is a social contract on Halloween. Teens can’t just show up on somebody’s doorstep, trolling for candy, without wearing some kind of costume.

    Megan Latshaw, a mother in Baltimore, Md., says she’ll give candy to anyone next week, regardless of age, as long as they make a good faith attempt at a costume. She recalls the time an older teen showed up at her house on Halloween in what looked like regular street clothes. Half-jokingly, she demanded to know what he was dressed up as. “He responded very quickly that he was a student,” she says. “At least he had an answer.” So she gave him candy.

    High school sophomore Amanda Mauriello, 15, says kids from 1 to 17 trick-or-treat every year in her town of Branford, Ct. But she agrees that Halloween is a two-way street. No matter how old you are, you’ve got to put in a little elbow grease — or greasepaint. “If you are out trick-or-treating,” she says, “you have to wear some kind of costume.” She plans on dressing up as either an M&M or a cowgirl this year.

    And before you judge a trick-or-treater’s age, it’s important to remember that teens today don’t necessarily look like adolescents from previous generations, and that children can show signs of physical maturation at different stages in their tween and teen years. That hulking "teenager" on your doorstep might be younger than you think.

    Dr. Melissa Arca, a pediatrician, blogger and mother of two, reminds people this Halloween that there’s a wide range of what a healthy teenage girl or boy may look or sound like. “We’ve known for some time that girls are maturing physically earlier and earlier,” she says. “For the last few years, girls as young as 9 and 10 have been going through puberty. And then some girls will experience physical signs of maturing much later.”

    Boys may also be developing earlier than past generations, according to a recent study in the journal Pediatrics. Meaning, that kid in front of you may not be as old as you think— even if he’s got a five o’clock shadow that's not painted on. And even if he is on the tail end of age-appropriate trick-or-treaters, worst case: he makes off with a few pieces of your candy.

    Get your Boo on with more stories from TODAY Moms:

    Moms' candy confessions: Yes, we ate your chocolate

    Why Halloween is the scariest holiday for dads

    TODAY's special Halloween section

    Is it OK for little boys to dress like girls on Halloween?

    Video: DIY Halloween face-painting for kids

    517 comments

    Halloween is my neighborhood is fun, we've never had a problem and have had LOTS of smiles. It's more fun for everyone when there's more people trick or treating. We rotate to make sure our door is staffed and give candy to all, even any parents who are walking along.

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    Explore related topics: halloween, teens, featured, showfront
  • 23
    Oct
    2012
    3:27pm, EDT

    Best candy to hand out on Halloween? The Internet has spoken!

    featurepics.com

    Ahhh, good ol' candy corn: Love it or hate it, the iconic Halloween treat is the most-searched-for sweet on Google.

    By Meghan Holohan, TODAY contributor

    In the realm of trick-or-treating, apples are lame and Necco Wafers are even lamer. (What are those things, anyway — sugared cardboard?)

    So what should you hand out to trick-or-treaters to assure your house doesn't land on the egging list? We've consulted the Internet and some candy stores in order to help you hand out the treats children want.

    Based on sheer volume of Facebook likes, Skittles are the most popular candy, with 23.55 million people giving it the thumbs up. Starburst (11.5 million likes), Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups (10 million likes), Kit Kat (9.4 million likes), and Twix (5.16 million likes) round out the top five most drooled-over treats on Facebook.

    Google searches also shed light on people’s sugary cravings and curiosities. Candy corn, Gummy Bears and Snickers are the top three most-searched-for sweets overall. Interestingly, trick-or-treaters in Colorado might enjoy their Halloween hauls more because residents there really research their candy — the state boasts the highest number of Google searches for Halloween treats.

    Californians should be prepared to bring home lots of organic candy because that state ranks highest in Google searches for such healthy treats. And kids in Washington should brace themselves: their state has the highest number of Google searches for sugar-free candy.

    featurepics.com

    Internet searches and Facebook likes indicate what sorts of treats are on people's minds this Halloween season.

    Kristi Holmes, owner of The Confectionery in Seattle, said she doesn't think the Google search results accurately depict what Washingtonians want: “We do have sugar-free [candy], but it is more people who are diabetic and who are eating sugar-free [and low-carb diets] who buy it.”

    Holmes noted that candy corn remains one of the most popular seasonal items at her store. “Our store sells almost 600 pounds [of candy corn] in two months,” she said.

    Meanwhile, chocolate-loving Ohio residents search for candy bars more often than people in other states, while Wisconsin residents tend to search for gummy worms and North Carolina residents love researching jelly beans — a year-round favorite across the country thanks to gourmet options.

    “We've had a ton of people come in for the Jelly Belly [candies],” said Hailey Buehler, an employee at Blickenstaff's toy and candy store in Provo, Utah. “The orange has been quite popular and other fall colors, as well.”

    Want another reliable way to predict treat trends? Consider the weather. The worst U.S. drought in more than 50 years has caused the price of corn oil and high fructose corn syrup to spike this year, increasing candy costs by about 3 percent from last year — so it should be no surprise if the kids’ Halloween plunder looks smaller on Oct. 31. And forget about handing out apples or enjoying a glass of apple cider; apple prices have increased between 20 and 30 percent over last year.

    Here are the full lists of popular candies on the Internet this year:

    Facebook results for candy
    Here are the top 10 most-liked treats on Facebook:

    1. Skittles, 23.55 million likes

    2. Starburst, 11.5 million likes

    3. Reese's Peanut Butter Cups, 10 million likes

    4. Kit Kat, 9.4 million likes

    5. Twix, 5.16 million likes

    6. Snickers, 4.8 million likes

    7. M&M'S, 4 million likes

    8. Sour Patch Kids, 3.89 million likes

    9. Life Savers Gummies, 3.28 million likes

    10. Hershey’s Kisses, 1.97 million likes

    Google results for candy
    The top 10 hottest candy searches on the Google search engine are:

    1. Candy corn

    2. Gummy Bears

    3. Snickers

    4. M&M’S

    5. Reese's

    6. Milky Way

    7. Twix

    8. Lollipop

    9. Twizzler

    10. Peanut M&M'S

    What's your all-time favorite Halloween candy? Tell us in the comments!

    More:

    • Hot new Halloween candy to help you one-up the neighbors
    • Healthier Halloween candy that won't ruin your reputation
    • What's the most hated Halloween candy?
    • Video: Scariest of all: Which viewer's Halloween costume is best?

    TODAY diet and nutrition editor Madelyn Fernstrom gives a lesson on Halloween candy, sharing five fun facts, including the most popular candy and which candy does not cause weight gain.

    14 comments

    Sometimes, the best thing to give out on Halloween isn't candy. My mom started giving out Play-Doh a few years ago and now the whole neighborhood knows her house as "the Play-Doh" house. It's been a huge hit. I plan on giving out Play-Doh myself this Halloween.

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    Explore related topics: halloween, candy, popular, treats, trick-or-treaters
  • 22
    Oct
    2012
    4:13pm, EDT

    Terrifyingly cute: 31 Halloween costumes for babies

    By Danika Fears, TODAY

    Let’s face it — babies look cute in just about anything. Dressed in a potato sack, the coos would keep on coming. But maybe you’d like to get a little more creative this Halloween.

    Whether you’re figuring out how to costume your own tot or just want to admire the little monsters below, here’s a roundup of some of the most aww-inspiring babies decked out for the big night. These kids are starting out their trick-or-treating careers with a bang.

    More:
    Treat or trick? Halloween costumes at work
    Arrr! A pirate beagle (and 16 other Halloween pets)
    Cereal killer? 12 punny costumes for Halloween

    Sponsored content:

    TODAY Celebrates Halloween: Friends whip up some delicious morsels and put their own spin on the year's spookiest holiday

    3 comments

    A few are very cute, but most are perhaps a little too cutesy?

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